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Objective: To explore the combination of metabolism-related chronic diseases associated with the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in community residents in Shanghai. Methods: The baseline data of Shanghai Suburban Adult Cohort and Biobank were used to understand the prevalence of five metabolism-related chronic diseases, including obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, gout and diabetes, based on questionnaire survey, physical examination and blood biochemical detection. NAFLD was diagnosed by B-ultrasound detection and questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to analyze the association of 31 metabolism-related chronic diseases combinations with the prevalence of NAFLD. Results: The median age (Q1, Q3) of 65 477 subjects was 60 (51, 66) years, and men accounted for 40.6%. The overall prevalence of NAFLD was 38.2%, and the prevalence of HAFLD in patients without any of the five metabolism-related chronic diseases was 12.0%. The chronic disease combination with the strongest association with NAFLD was obesity + hypertension + hyperlipidemia + gout + diabetes in the total population (OR=37.94, 95%CI: 31.02-46.41), in women (OR=36.99, 95%CI: 28.78-47.54) and in age group ≥60 years (OR=36.19, 95%CI: 28.25-46.36). The chronic disease combination with the strongest association with NAFLD was obesity + hyperlipidemia + gout + diabetes in men (OR=50.70, 95%CI: 24.62-104.40) and in age group <60 years (OR=49.58, 95%CI: 24.22-101.47). Conclusions: The prevalence of NAFLD in community residents in Shanghai was high. Attention needs to be paid to health of obese people and weight loss should be promoted for them. Community health education should be strengthened for patients complicated with gout, diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hypertension and it is necessary to correct abnormal serum uric acid, blood sugar, blood lipids and blood pressure in a timely manner to reduce the risk of NAFLD.
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Objective: To analyze the relationship between sedentary behavior and the force expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) reduction in middle-aged and elderly people in communities. Methods: The participants aged ≥40 years were randomly selected from a natural population cohort in Songjiang District, Shanghai, for pulmonary function tests and survey by using international physical activity questionnaire, a generalized additive model was used to analyze the association between sedentary behavior and FEV1 reduction in the study population and different sex-age subgroups. Results: A total of 3 121 study subjects aged ≥40 years were included. The prevalence of FEV1 reduction was 14.8%, which was higher in men than in women. There were 24.8% participants were completely sedentary. The prevalence of FEV1 reduction in women aged <60 years in complete sedentary group was 2.04 (95%CI: 1.11-3.72) times higher than that in non-complete sedentary group. In men aged <60 years, the prevalence of FEV1 reduction increased with daily sedentary time (OR=1.16, 95%CI: 1.04-1.29), and the prevalence of FEV1 reduction was also higher in those with sedentary time >5 hours/day than those with sedentary time ≤5 hours/day (OR=3.02, 95%CI: 1.28-7.16). The sensitivity analysis also found such associations. Conclusions: FEV1 reduction rate in age group <60 years was associated with sedentary behavior. Complete sedentary behavior or absence of moderate to vigorous physical activity played important roles in FEV1 reduction in women, while men were more likely to be affected by increased sedentary time, which had no association with physical activity. Reducing sedentary time to avoid complete sedentary behavior, along with increased physical activity, should be encouraged in middle-aged and elderly adults in communities to improve their pulmonary function.
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Male , Aged , Middle Aged , Humans , Adult , Female , Infant , Sedentary Behavior , China/epidemiology , Exercise , Surveys and Questionnaires , PrevalenceABSTRACT
Objective:To determine the prevalence and risk factors of asthma among adults. Methods:A total of 37 670 adults aged 18 years and above was enrolled in Songjiang District， Shanghai using a multi-stage stratified sampling method between April 2016 and October 2017. Statistical analysis， such as t-test and Chi-square test， was performed to check the difference between the participants with asthma and non-asthma participants. Risk factors for asthma were examined by logistic regression analysis in all participants. Results:Overall， 36 698 subjects were enrolled in the study， in which 752 had asthma. The overall prevalence of asthma was determined to be 2.05%. The prevalence in females was 2.16%， and that in males was 1.88%， which didn’t achieve significance（P>0.05）. Compared to non-asthma participants， those with asthma were more likely to be older （［60.3±9.48］ years vs. ［56.29±11.31］ years）， widowed （6.91%>4.45%，P<0.05）， with educational level of primary school and below （58.64%>46.55%， P<0.01）， higher level of total cholesterol （TC） and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-C） （P<0.05）， had more co-morbidities， such as hypertension （42.00%>15.00%，P<0.001）， chronic obstructive pulmonary disease （COPD） （6.25%>0.41%，P<0.001）， chronic bronchitis （51.33%>6.32%，P<0.001） and tuberculosis （2.66%>0.96%，P<0.05）， depression（2.13%>0.41%，P<0.05）， and Parkinson's disease （0.93%>0.39%，P<0.05）. Multivariable analysis showed that family history of asthma， history of hypertension， chronic bronchitis， COPD， depression and educational level of primary school and below were the risks factors associated with adult asthma （P<0.05）. Conclusion:Prevalence of adult asthma in Shanghai has increased in recent years. Targeted health education may be strengthened for improving adult awareness towards asthma and reducing the disease burden.
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and related factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) and its associated renal insufficiency in adult residents of a community in Shanghai. Methods A total of 9 257 residents aged 20-75 years old in a community of Shanghai were selected by random cluster sampling. All participants were interviewed to complete questionnaires, physical examination, examination of blood, urine and common biochemical indicators for T2DM, renal insufficiency and other related factors. Then the SPSS 19.0 software was used for analysis. Results Of the 9 257 respondents, eligible data of 8 207 subjects were enrolled in the study. The prevalence of T2DM was 12.7% (95% CI: 12.0%-13.4%), and the prevalence of its associated renal insufficiency was 15.4% (95% CI: 12.3%-18.4%), and majority of patients (65.8%) were in the early stage. Among the T2DM patients in this survey, the prevalence of renal insufficiency in obese patients was higher than that in patient with the normal body mass index. Logistic regression analysis showed that elder (OR=1.35), central obesity (OR=1.50), hyperuricemia (OR=2.51) were independent risk factors related with renal insufficiency in T2DM patients. Conclusions Renal insufficiency has become one of the important public health problems in T2DM patients. It shows a more urgent need for early prevention and control of CKD to prevent the incidence of end-stage renal disease and related complications in T2DM patients with advanced age, obesity, and hyperuricemia.
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Objective To explore the relationships between hyperuricemia (HUA)，serum uric acid (SUA) level and the chronic kidney disease (CKD) in adult residents of communities. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Xinqiao town of Songjiang district, Shanghai and a total of 9 527 residents aged 20-75 years were selected by random cluster sampling. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between SUA and CKD. Results Subjects were divided into five groups according to the gender-specific quintiles of SUA. The CKD prevalence in serum uric acid quintiles of male were 4.9%, 5.7%, 6.0%, 8.0% and 13.8% respectively，while of female were 12.8%, 12.7%, 11.9%, 13.3% and 18.2% respectively, increasing along with the increase of SUA among both sexes (all P420 μmol/L(male) or >360 μmol/L(female). In the unadjusted model, HUA was significantly associated with CKD of all subjects (OR=2.03, 95% CI:1.69-2.44, P<0.001), and the association was still significant (OR=2.04, 95% CI:1.68-2.49, P<0.001) after adjustment for the potential confounders. The multivariate-adjusted odds of CKD associated with HUA was 2.89 (95% CI:2.12-3.94,) and 1.98 (95% CI:1.51-2.60) for male and female, respectively. Conclusion Hyperuricemia was independently associated with the increased prevalence of CKD among community-based population living in the Songjiang district, Shanghai.